Diskussion:Larry Korn
aus Degupedia, der freien Wissensdatenbank
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Bukozu (The Tribe) und Suwanose Island
Bukozu war eine Hippiegruppe in Japan. Sie wurde 1967 von Yamao Sansei gegründet und umfasste drei Kommunen: Shinshū (vermutlich Shinano (https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shinano_(Nagano))), Nansei Islands (https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nansei-Inseln) (zu welcher die Tokara-Inseln (https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tokara-Inseln) gehören, zu welcher Suwanose Island gehört) und eine in Kokubunji (https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kokubunji_(Tokio)) West-Tokio. Mit der back-to-the-nature Bewegung gründete die Bukozu auf Suwanose Island (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suwanosejima) eine Kommune, die dort auch noch Landwirtschaft betrieb. Vermutlich ist diese Kommune, jene, die unter den Nansei-Inseln erwähnt wird.
Einige Quellen zu Bukozu:
Yamao Sansei und die Bukozu
"Yamao Sansei and the Spirituality of Connectedness
Yamao Sansei, born in 1938, dropped out of the Faculty of Letters of Waseda University in the midst of the fights and demonstrations against the 1960 revision of the Treaty of Mutual Cooperation and Security between the United Staates and Japan. He found employment at a factory, but left work and started Buzoku (tribe) movement together with his fellows in 1967 in order to explore new styles of communal living and consciousness. The young members of the 'tribe' set up three communities (kyodotai) in apartments in Shinshu, the Nansei islands and Kokubunji in Tokyo. Their aim was to develop a virtuous and spiritually enriched everyday life. The "Buzoku manifesto" (Buzoku sengen) of December 1967 explains some of their perspectives:
'If we try to adopt a far broader view, one could say a universal view, and reach out from the depth of our ego for the spark of wisdom - assuming the whole universe is the highest ego or self - then we see that our work in the outside world is a game we all perform with our whole existence, and society is the area where this game takes place - it is a trick of god. We are part of a game; a game with us as the main characters. Each and everyone of us, different logics and ethics aside, has deep inside the duty to achieve progress by moving forward and overcoming obstacles or difficulties. This is called deliverance [gedatsu] or self-awareness [jikaku] or realization [jitsugen]. To put it differently: "This duty is accomplished by humans with a boundless self, or by reincarnation into another life. This is His - the highest self - god's play." (Yamao 1981:126-27)'
(...) During his year of pilgrimages in India and Nepal together with his family in 1973, Yamao had the chance to make himself familiar with the religious traditions and holy people of India, such as Ramakrishna.
In 1976, Yamao followed the growing trend of organic agricultural product cultivation and launched the Hobbit Village (Hobitto Mura) in Nishiogikubo, Tokyo."
Quelle: Inken Prohl, John K. Nelson (2012): Handbook of Contemporary Japanese Religions. Brill. https://books.google.ch/books?id=uiZi2mgC5a4C&pg=PA465&lpg=PA465&dq=Buzoku+japan+tribe&source=bl&ots=c1yvvNwG6j&sig=ReDc_Kad8EdRhiBE9D-TzOuPrNU&hl=de&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjM-vaQ677bAhVOI1AKHRteA3UQ6AEIPTAD#v=onepage&q=Buzoku%20japan%20tribe&f=false
Bukozu als Teil der Hippie-Kultur
"We cannot talk of counterculture without talking of hippies (...) not even to 'conformist' Japan. To many, the hippies were the f tenzoku, the 'insane' or 'vagabound tribe', a catch-all lobbed at dishevelled no-goods who hung around the city, getting into trouble, sometimes taking drugs or just doing nothing - in itself, a bit radical in the economically accelerating late 1960s and 1970s.
(...)
Real free spirits like the people affiliated with the Buzoku (literally 'Tribe') group would not give Shinjuku f ten the time of day. Buzoku was a motley bunch of artists and activists. They ran 'bum academy' events and grew marijuana in a commune in Kokubunji, west Tokyo, that got raided by the cops."
Quelle: William Andrews (2016): Dissenting Japan: A History of Japanese Radicalism and Counterculture form 1945 to Fukushima. Oxford University Press. https://books.google.ch/books?id=0CwpDwAAQBAJ&pg=PT226&lpg=PT226&dq=Buzoku+japan+tribe&source=bl&ots=bruSXgSw1a&sig=FYYgHW8-33t0qpu3FIUhv5YhxQc&hl=de&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjM-vaQ677bAhVOI1AKHRteA3UQ6AEIQTAE#v=onepage&q=Buzoku%20japan%20tribe&f=false
Nanao Sakaki (Mitglieder der Buzoku) und Suwanose Island
"After the war, Nanao returned to Tokyo and got a job in publishing and worked there for a year or so and then, realizing he didn’t like that sort of life, decided that he would rather live with the bums in Shinjuku. So he did. He just quit working and started living out on the street. He liked the people and the lifestyle there. He’d sit out on the sidewalk or in a park and watch people go by and write poetry. And he’d walk. He really got into walking and he walked and walked in the city and then he walked out of the city. With Tokyo that takes a while. He walked on to the next city and then to another and another. He kept it up for years and went all over Japan, even visited Okinawa and eventually found a small island that he liked for two reasons: it was almost uninhabited though people came to visit and it was volcanic. Its name was Suwanose and there he founded a commune and they built homes and farmed. I looked it up on the Internet and found it was near Kagoshima where he was born (though I'd thought he said it was near Okinawa). It has one of the most active volcanoes on earth. They stopped an airport from being built there to destroy the isolated natural beauty that the tourists in the planes would come in to see. That's the first thing I remember hearing about him back in the sixties before we'd met, and reading, I think, a poem he'd written about it - that he was the founder of a hippie commune on an island in the south of Japan and that they were trying to stop an airport from being built there."
Quelle: Interview mit Nanao Sakaki http://archive.wikiwix.com/cache/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cuke.com%2Fdchad%2Fwrit%2FJapan%2520stories%2Fhere%2520and%2520nanao.html
Beitrag zu Suwanose Island:
--davX Literatur 14:30, 6. Jun 2018 (CEST)
Fukuoka zur Tokugawa Periode
Die Tokugawa (https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tokugawa) oder Edo Periode (https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edo-Zeit) war ein bedeutender und prägender Zeitabschnitt in der Geschichte Japans.
Korn beschreibt die Periode wie folgt:
"Historically, Japan was unified for the first time in 1603 under the Tokugawa clan, which ruled until 1868 with total authority. The Tokugawa, or Edo, period was characterized by economic growth, rigid social order, an isolationist foreign policy, environmental protection, and development in the arts." (Korn 2015: 133)
Die Isolation des Landes wurde unter anderem durch ein Edikt aus dem Jahre 1635 verschärft, welches die Ein- und Ausreise von und nach Japan verbot, was zu einer politischen, kulturellen und physischen Isolation führte (Korn 2015: 134).
Die Zeit ist also geprägt von sehr strikten Regeln, einem strengen Umweltschutz, der Förderung von Gemeinschaft, Handwerk und Kunst. Dieser Periode widmet sich auch Azby Brown mit seinem Buch "Just Enough", welcher der Frage umgeht, wie damals Japan die Wende schaffte von einer zerstörerischen und nicht nachhaltigen Gesellschaft hin zu einer, welche clever mit den Ressourcen umging und die Umweltwende schaffte (vgl. Korn 2015: 136). Während Brown sich ausführlich der Frage widmet, wie das Japan der Edo-Periode sich organisierte, auf dem Land, in der Stadt und in der Samurai-Kaste, so konzentrierte sich der amerikanische Agronom F.H. King (1909) in seinem Buch "The Farmers of Forty Centuries" vor allem um die Landwirtschaft, welche er bei seiner Asienreise um die 1900 gründlich beobachtete und niederschrieb (vgl. Korn 2015: 138-139).
Fukuokas Kommentar
Korn schreibt, dass die Periode beherrscht wurde von einer totalitären Feudalgesellschaft und das Leben nicht immer einfach gewesen wäre. Noch deutlicher drückte sich Fukuoka aus. Korn zitiert ihn mit den Worten, dass Fukuoka die Zeit als "a poor downtrodden lot. Forever oppressed by those in power..." bezeichnet hätte, um aber dann noch nachzuschieben, dass die Leute eine positive Haltung und ein erfreuliches Leben aufrecht hielten (Korn 2015: 142).
Satoyama
"The arrangement of the traditionl village and the state of mind of its rural inhabitants during the Tokugawa period is often referred to by the term satoyama (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Satoyama), or 'mountain hamlet'." (Korn 2015: 135)
Satoyama (wörtlich Yama: Hügel, Berg; Sato: Dorf) bezeichnet die Grenzzone zwischen Bergvorland und Ackerland. Während der Edo-Zeit bauten die Leute ihre Häuser in diese Zone, um das beste Land in den Tälern nicht für Bauland zu verschwenden, da dort insbesondere Reis angebaut wurde.
Satoumi (="village by the sea") (cf. Korn 2015: 135)
