Diskussion:Haplopappus foliosus
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| ==Montenegro et al. 1991: Introduction of plants into Chile== | ==Montenegro et al. 1991: Introduction of plants into Chile== | ||
| - | Zitat aus Montenegro et al. (1991) zu Pflanzengesellschaften in Mittelchile: | + | "The coastal scrub, occupying ocean bluffs and ocean-facing lower slopes up to 300 metres altitude, is formed mostly by chamaephytes such as [[Baccharis concava]], [[Baccharis macraei|B. macraei]], [[Haplopappus foliosus]], [[Schinus polygamus]] and [[Senna candolleana]]." |
| - | "The matorral vegetation is centred in the summer-dry region of central Chile extending from 32° to 30°S latitude (di Castri, 1981) and along an altitudinal gradient from the coast to 2000 metres. The coastal scrub, occupying ocean bluffs and ocean-facing lower slopes up to 300 metres altitude, is formed mostly by chamaephytes such as [[Baccharis concava]], [[Baccharis macraei|B. macraei]], [[Haplopappus foliosus]], [[Schinus polygamus]] and [[Senna candolleana]]. Among the phanerophytes the dominant species are [[Pouteria splendens]], [[Peumus boldus]], [[Schinus latifolius]], [[Lithrea caustica]] and [[Flourensia thurifera]] (Montenegro et al., 1981). The dune vegetation is characterised by the presence of [[Puya chilensis]], [[Eryngium paniculatum]], [[Bahia ambrosioides]], [[Chenopodium paniculatum]], [[Centaurea chilensis]], [[Scirpus nodosus]], [[Poa lanuginosa]], [[Festuca tunicata]] and several species of [[Oenothera]] (V. Poblete, personal communication). | + | Zitat aus: |
| - | The inland matorral consists mainly of evergreen phanerophytes such as [[Quillaja saponaria]], [[Cryptocarya alba]], [[Lithrea caustica]], [[Kageneckia oblonga]] and [[Colliguaja odorifera]]. A xeric low matorral formed by [[Trevoa trinervis]], [[Talguenea quinquinervia]], [[Colletia spinosa]], [[Baccharis linearis]], [[Trichocereus chilensis]] and [[Puya berteroniana]] occurs on north-facing slopes and open areas. Alongside small water courses are found [[Drimys winteri]], [[Luma chequen]], [[Maytenus boaria]], [[Crinodendron patagua]], [[Persea lingue]] and [[Psoralea glandulosa]] (Montenegro et al., 1979). The central valley is dominated by the thorny scrub [[Acacia caven]] and to a lesser extent by two other shrubs [[Porlieria chilensis]] and [[Prosopis chilensis]]. The general aspect of this community is that of a more or less open thicket with a rich ground cover of introduced ephemerals which appear after winter rain and a few perennial bunch grasses and forbs. According to di Castri (1968) results of studies on the soil fauna support the thesis that the '[[espinal]]', a steppe-like community dominated by [[Acacia caven]], has arisen because of human actions, because cosmopolitan populations are more abundant there than in the sclerophyllous woodlands from which it has supposedly regressed (Bahre, 1979). | + | |
| - | The typical sclerophyllous shrubland of the Andean piedmont, which is dominated by [[Colliguaja odorifera]], [[Kageneckia oblonga]], [[Gocknatia foliosa]] and [[Porlieria chilensis]], is replaced at about 1850 metres by a montane evergreen scrub with species such as [[Colliguaja integerrima]], [[Kageneckia angustifolia]] and [[Guindilia trinervis]]; this gradually gives way to a low sub-alpine scrub where predominant species are [[Berberis empetrifolia]], [[Chuquiraga oppositifolia]] and [[Tetraglochin alatum]] (Aljaro & Montenegro, 1981). Communities dominated by alpine herbs and cushion plants appear at about 3000 metres (Arroyo et al., 1981). | + | |
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| - | References | + | |
| - | * Aljaro, M.E. Montenegro, G. (1981): Growth of dominant Chilean shrubs in the Andean Cordillera. Mountain Research & Development 1: 287-291. | + | |
| - | * Arroyo, M.T.K. Armesto, J. Villagran, C. (1981): Plant phenological patterns in the high Andean Cordillera of central Chile. Journal of Ecology 69: 203-223. | + | |
| - | * Bahre, C.J. (1979): Destruction of the natural vegetation of north-central Chile. University of California Publications in Geography 23: 1-116. | + | |
| - | * di Castri, F. (1968): Esquisse ecologique du Chile, S. 7-52. In: Delamere Deboutteville, C. Rapaport, E.: Biologie de l'Amérique Australe, vol. 4. CNRS, Paris. | + | |
| - | * di Castri, F. (1981): Mediterranean-type shrubland of the world, S. 1-52. In: di Castri, F. Goodall, D.W. Specht, R.L.: Ecosystems of the World, vol. 11. Mediterranean-type Shrublands. Elsevier, Amsterdam. | + | |
| - | * Montenegro, G. Aljaro, M.E. Kummerow, J. (1979): Growth dynamics of Chilean matorral shrubs. Botanical Gazette 140: 114-119. | + | |
| - | * Montenegro, G. Aljaro, M.E. Walkowiak, A. Saenger, R. (1981): Seasonality growth and net-productivity of herbs and shrubs of the Chilean matorral, S. 129-135. In: Conrad, C.E. Oechel, W.: Proceedings of the Symposium on Dynamics and Management of Mediterranean-Type Ecosystems, San Diego, 1981. USDA Forest Service General Technical Report PSW-58. | + | |
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| - | Quelle: | + | |
| * Montenegro, G. Teillier, S. Arce, P. Poblete, V. (1991): Introduction of plants into the mediterranean-type climate area of Chile, S. 103-114. In: Groves, R.H. di Castri, F. (Hrsg.): Biogeography of Mediterranean Invasions. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge. ([http://books.google.de/books?id=hQcUkPf37lcC&pg=PA103&lpg=PA103&dq=Haplopappus+foliosus&source=bl&ots=pKE-_YRV_I&sig=XhQQdzi3diFcipPB5-7Zerar0yc&hl=de&sa=X&ei=c67uUuCzMMSw7Qbl6IGQBA&ved=0CDIQ6AEwATge#v=onepage&q=Haplopappus%20foliosus&f=false Google-Books]) | * Montenegro, G. Teillier, S. Arce, P. Poblete, V. (1991): Introduction of plants into the mediterranean-type climate area of Chile, S. 103-114. In: Groves, R.H. di Castri, F. (Hrsg.): Biogeography of Mediterranean Invasions. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge. ([http://books.google.de/books?id=hQcUkPf37lcC&pg=PA103&lpg=PA103&dq=Haplopappus+foliosus&source=bl&ots=pKE-_YRV_I&sig=XhQQdzi3diFcipPB5-7Zerar0yc&hl=de&sa=X&ei=c67uUuCzMMSw7Qbl6IGQBA&ved=0CDIQ6AEwATge#v=onepage&q=Haplopappus%20foliosus&f=false Google-Books]) | ||
| - | --[[Benutzer:DavX|davX]] <sup>[[Benutzer:DavX/Literatur|Literatur]]</sup> 23:09, 2. Feb 2014 (CET) | + | Vollständiges Zitat verschoben nach [[Diskussion:Chilenischer Matorral]] --[[Benutzer:DavX|davX]] <sup>[[Benutzer:DavX/Literatur|Literatur]]</sup> 13:29, 4. Jun 2016 (CEST) |
Aktuelle Version
Montenegro et al. 1991: Introduction of plants into Chile
"The coastal scrub, occupying ocean bluffs and ocean-facing lower slopes up to 300 metres altitude, is formed mostly by chamaephytes such as Baccharis concava, B. macraei, Haplopappus foliosus, Schinus polygamus and Senna candolleana."
Zitat aus:
- Montenegro, G. Teillier, S. Arce, P. Poblete, V. (1991): Introduction of plants into the mediterranean-type climate area of Chile, S. 103-114. In: Groves, R.H. di Castri, F. (Hrsg.): Biogeography of Mediterranean Invasions. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge. (Google-Books (http://books.google.de/books?id=hQcUkPf37lcC&pg=PA103&lpg=PA103&dq=Haplopappus+foliosus&source=bl&ots=pKE-_YRV_I&sig=XhQQdzi3diFcipPB5-7Zerar0yc&hl=de&sa=X&ei=c67uUuCzMMSw7Qbl6IGQBA&ved=0CDIQ6AEwATge#v=onepage&q=Haplopappus%20foliosus&f=false))
Vollständiges Zitat verschoben nach Diskussion:Chilenischer Matorral --davX Literatur 13:29, 4. Jun 2016 (CEST)
